Batguy's NoteBook

L3

2 min read

01/08/26 Sat 10:35am

Need for Data Acquisition (DAQ) and Database Management

A digital twin can function effectively only if it receives continuous and reliable information from the physical system.
Therefore, and the two major components supporting the digital twin are:

  1. DAQ system
  2. Database management system

The DAQ system collects real world data while the database stores and manages the collected information for analysis and decision making

Data Acquisition System DAQ

a data acquisition system is a combination of hardware and software that collects data from physical sensors converting it to digital form and transfer it to the computer for preprocessing and storage

The DAQ system acts as a bridge between the physical world and the digital twin.
The primary objectives of the DAQ system are:

  1. Collect real time data
  2. Convert the analog data to digital data
  3. Provide accurate data to the digital twin

Components of the DAQ System

  1. Sensors - measures physical parameters like pressure, temperature, humidity , vibration , speed.
  2. Signal-conditioning - will perform amplification, filter, power matching and isolation.
  3. Analog to Digital conversion - Since computers require digital data the ADC device convert the analog to digital value and transfers the values to DAQ hardware.
  4. DAQ Hardware - receives sensor signal in the digital form and timestamps the data and transfers it to the computer. Ex: NIDAQ ELVIS III
  5. Communication protocol/network - the collected data is transmitted using industrial communication protocols like MQTT, Modbus, Ethernet and Wifi
  6. Computer\cloud server - the computer receives, processes, and stores the data before forwarding it to the digital twin

Database Management System

Is software that stores, organizes, retrieves, updates, and manages large volumes of data efficiently. In digital twin the DBMS store all historical and real time sensor data

The DBMS performs the following functions:

  1. back up and recovery
  2. data sharing
  3. data integrity
  4. report generation
Types of Databases Used for Digital Twins
  1. Relational database- store data in table form (asset information)
  2. Time series Database - designed specifically for sensor readings

Graph View