Father of Modern Management

Fourteen Principles of Management

A subordinate should receive orders and be accountable to One Boss at a time.
dual subordination should be avoided unless absolutely necessary

Fayol advocates ONE HEAD - ONE PLAN which means that there should be one plan for a group of activities having similar objectives
related activities should be grouped together. There should be one plan of action for them and they should be under the charge of a particular manager.
unity of command & unity of direction are closely related

is a combination of fairness, kindness & justice.
it implies that managers SHOULD BE FAIR AND IMPARTIAL while dealing with the subordinates.
Equity is essential to create and maintaining cordial relations between managers and subordinates
Equity does not mean total absence of harshness.
Fayol was of the opinion that “at times force and harshness might become necessary for the sake of equity”.
there is a difference in equality and equity.

this principle is concerned with proper & systematic arrangement of things and people.
Arrangement of things is called MATERIAL ORDER and placement of people is called SOCIAL ORDER.

this means sinceriety, obedience, respect of authority & observance of rules and regulations of the enterprise

Workers should be encouraged to take initiative in the work assigned to them. It means eagerness to initiate actions without being asked to do so.
Fayol advised that management should provide opportunity to its employees to suggest ideas, experiences & new method of work.
helps develop an atmosphere of trust and understanding
they can encouraged with money and non money benefits

the quantum and method of remuneration to be paid to the workers should be fair, reasonable, satisfactory & rewarding of the efforts.
As far as possible it should accord satisfaction to both employer and the employees.
Wages should be determined on the basis of cost of living, work assigned. financial position of the business, wage rate prevailing etc.
Fayol also recommended provision of other benefits such as free education, medical & residential facilities to workers.

Fayol emphasised that employees should not be moved frequently from one job position to another i.e. the period of service in a job should be fixed.
According to Fayol “Time is required for an employee to get used to a new work & succeed in doing it well but if he is removed before that he will not be able to render worthwhile services”. As a result, the time, effort and money spent on training the worker will go waste.
_Stability of job creates team spirit and a sense of belonging among workers which ultimately increase the quality as well as a quantity of work.

Fayol defines it as ‘The chain of superiors ranging from the ultimate authority to the lowest’.
Every order, instructions, messages, requests, explanation etc. has to pass through Scalar chain.
A Gang Plank is a temporary arrangement between two different points to facilitate quick & easy communication.
Gang Plank clarifies that management principles are not rigid rather they are very flexible. They can be moulded and modified as per the requirements of situations

An organisation is much bigger than the individual it constitutes therefore interest of the undertaking should prevail in all circumstances.
As far as possible, reconciliation should be achieved between individual and group interests.

team Spirit